BHS 400 STRESS MANAGEMENT (Module 3-SLP) Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

BHS 400 STRESS MANAGEMENT (Module 3-SLP) - Essay Example The main learning objective by the participants after this activity is their learning about the importance of deep breathing in stress management. The participants were supposed to command mastery over deep breathing exercise after this class. After a brief description of the importance of stress management, the stress relieving methodology through deep breathing is explained to the class as follows. Deep breathing is the best way of relieving stress because of the simple, procedure involved in it. The various steps involved in deep breathing exercise can be summarised as follows; Exhale through your mouth, pushing out as much air as you can while contracting your abdominal muscles. The hand on your stomach should move in as you exhale, but your other hand should move very little. The participants were asked to do the steps as explained above. The success of this technique lies in how deeply you breathe deeply from the abdomen. Deep breathing will provide excess oxygen which can reduce stress immensely while lack of oxygen may result in anxiety and stress. If the sitting position is not comfortable enough then the participants can be asked, lying on the floor and repeat the activity. It does not have much weakness. The only thing required is you need to concentrate on the breathing technique at least for 10 minutes. Moreover sometimes you need to lie down on floor to consume maximum oxygen. Relieving of stress can be accomplished in simple ways like deep breathing, yoga, relaxation, etc. Most of the stress relieving activities does not need much effort or equipments. Only primary requirement is the readiness of the person in engage in such relieving

Power Line Communication Essay Example for Free

Power Line Communication Essay The objective any mining company like TATA STEEL is to reduce the amount of energy used in mining through the increase in employee productivity and safety. Mining operations consist of several tasks. The highest efficiency can only be achieved with full coordination among the persons carrying out these tasks and if the locations of vehicles and people are known by those who coordinate the activities. In addition, the large number of risks of explosion has the potential to cause a major accident. Therefore, the establishment of a better communication system for the mine underground is very important and significant to modernize the mine management, increase the labour productivity, and strengthen the security to protect the lives and property of the mines. Present Scenario At present, cable telephone communication, power line communication, sensor communication, telecommunication, leakage communication, and radio communication are the main forms of communication in a mine. Our study shows that, a variety of mobile communication methods have their limitary application under coal mine. Some mines still use hardwired wall-mounted telephones. The disadvantage of this technology is the obvious necessity that the user cannot be mobile. To reach this person, the caller must page the person who must then go to a wall-mounted telephone that may be a long distance away and in the case of an accident the telephone may be inaccessible to the injured person. Another popular technology , Leaky Feeder technology requires a relatively stiff,hard-to-install cable, about 5/8† in diameter, to be installed everywhere where communication is desired. To communicate the user must be in line-of-sight of the cable and not more than thirty or eighty feet away from the cable. According to a survey conducted on how well current systems meet the needs for mining communication, 62 percent of Respondents replied negatively. None of them thought that mining communication needs were being met extremely well. Some of their replies- â€Å"Overall we cannot communicate well with miners.† â€Å"There is the issue of battery, phone and wiring maintenance.† â€Å"Safety in an emergency is still an issue.† As the power lines in an underground mine cover a broad area, if we can make full use of power lines to communicate, then we can completely solve the problem underground communication. The use of power lines saves the cost of additional cable and the labour cost for system installation. Furthermore, power lines are built and installed in a rugged manner. Any underground wire or cable, when fed an RF signal, tends to distribute that signal throughout its length. Carrier current systems utilize this fact to establish communication paths using existing mine wiring. Carrier current devices are basically FM radio transceivers that transmit and receive over existing mine wiring instead of using an antenna system. The LF (low-frequency) and MF (medium frequency)KP ranges propagate best in carrier current systems. A common example of a carrier current system is the trolley carrier phone systems presently used in many mines. Another example is the shaft communication systems that utilize the hoist rope itself to establish communications to and from the cage. The most modern system, based on MF, promises to be the most effective of a l l . But there are lots of complex interference noises in power line communication under mine. More recently, the maturity of wireless as an accepted medium has increased the demand for instant, reliable, portable communication. Underground mines, however, have proved resistant to wireless communication due to environmental conditions that limit the transmission of radio waves. â€Å"Mines are looking to find such a system. It would become universal over time due to safety, a decrease in down time and an increase in productivity.† This system may be further enhanced to A GPS-like (Global Positioning System) for underground mines which would serve an extremely useful function in saving energy in mining operations. Autonomous (i.e. unmanned) machinery has been a long-standing objective of the mining. This would move miners from underground mines to the surface from where they would remotely control mining operations. Extremely important is to note that such a move would allow shutting off the energy-guzzling fans, which would result in large amounts of energy savings. Economics PLC is viewed as especially attractive because of several characteristics. Electricity services in most developing countries have higher reach than telephony. In addition, PLC can provide an elegant solution for in-home access and networking, since the signal can reach virtually any outlet in the home. However, there are several important technical issues in this simple scheme. The signal attenuates as it goes over the line, with higher losses at higher frequencies. Given emission limits that restrict boosting the transmission signal, the only solution is the use of repeaters en-route, increasing the cost. Secondly, the LV transformers act as a low-pass filter, allowing electricity through with low losses but not higher frequencies. This is why most solutions rely on bypassing the distribution transformer. While an opportunity in terms of sharing capital equipment costs across users, shared infrastructures also lead to congestion, multiplexing, interference, and security concerns. To overcome these issues, PLC solutions rely on sophisticated signal processing and encoding. For PLC to be successful, it must not only operate successfully from a technology point of view, but also present a viable business case. The market space consists of not only well-entrenched alternatives like DSL (Digital Subscriber Line) and cable, but also alternatives such as Fibre-To-The-Home (FTTH), Fiber-To-The-Curb (FTTC), and broadband wireless. Issues of telecom, regulation and competition play a vital role in deciding the future of PLC. Depending on the number of feeders emanating from the substation, different MV couplers are needed. At every distribution transformer, a concentrator cum transformer bypass is required. This device transfers the signals to the medium-voltage line, bypassing the transformer. In addition, depending on the distances involved, repeaters might be needed to extend the signal. In addition to the one-time costs, which are amortized over specific periods, there are also explicit calculations of monthly operating costs. After thorough estimation from various sources (web and consulting some industry people) the monthly costs of PLC is found to be around US$35 per month per user. Most of the values chosen are plausible, if not optimistic. In some hazardous locations, where specialized personnel are required, installation costs have been estimated at US$200–300. On the other hand, in normal cases, the installation would be somewhat over US$100 per user . The total capital costs per consumer (excluding Customer Premises Equipment (CPE)) average about US$85 , assuming an average of 6 homes passed per LV transformer. One result that is robust across most assumption ranges is that operating expenditures are about 45% of the total costs. The most important variable, under the assumptions is the time period for paying off of the equipment. Given the fast changing nature of the telecom industry, the median value for economic purposes is assumed to be 5 years. In addition, within a region, the competitive pressures might be much lower, allowing for higher market share and greater sharing of equipment, marketing, and maintenance costs amongst subscribers. Given the estimated monthly costs of PLC it is almost clear that there is a gripping business case for PLC in the near term based on price for the end-user. Of course, economics is not the only factor in determining the success of PLC or any other broadband technology. User satisfaction, customer loyalty, branding, and competition (alternatives) are all important factors as well.

HR Practices At Shell Pakistan Limited

HR Practices At Shell Pakistan Limited Pakistans first oil field was discovered in the late 1952 in Baluchistan near a giant Sui gas field. It covers 122.67 square kilometers (47.36 sq mi). Pakistan Petroleum and Pakistan Oilfields explored and began drilling from Toot area is one of the oldest oil producing regions in Pakistan with the first oil well was drilled in 1964 when President Ayub Khan encourages a mineral development policy. The commercial production started in 1967. There are about 60 million barrels of oil in place with 12%-15% of which is recoverable. At its peak during 1986, the field was producing approximately 2,400 barrel of oil per day. Oil production was entirely confined to the Potwar Plateau till 1981, when Union Texas Pakistan discovered its first oil-field in Lower Sindh. By 1998-1999, the Lower Sindh gas-fields were producing more oil than the Potwar Plateau. Since then, new deposits have also been found here. In 2005, the Vancouver-based International Sovereign Energy signed a memorandum of understanding with the Oil and Gas Development Company Limited, Pakistans national oil company, to develop the Toot field.   Pakistan has not experienced many new oil fields coming online. As a result, oil production has remained fairly flat, at around 60,000 barrels per day (bbl/d). Due to Pakistans modest oil production, the country is dependent on oil imports to satisfy domestic oil demand. As of November 2006, Pakistan had consumed approximately 350 thousand barrels of oil and various petroleum products, of which, more than 80 percent was imported. The majority of oil imports come from the Middle East, with Saudi Arabia as the lead importer. In Pakistan transport sector in the biggest user of the petroleum products use 48%, energy sector uses about 36%, and industrial sector which has a share of 12 % while remaining 4% is shared by the residential sector. There are almost four major national oil companies currently involved in the sector, namely Oil and Gas development corporation limited (OGDCL), Pakistan petroleum limited (PPL), and Pakistan state oil company limited and Pakistan oilfields limited (POL). http://i95.photobucket.com/albums/l140/tortoise_bucket/Shell-Skull-Iran-Animated.gif Introduction of Shell Pakistan Limited The documented history of Royal Dutch Shell plc (commonly known as Shell) in Pakistan dates back to 1903 when partnership was struck between The Shell Transport Trading Company and the Royal Dutch Petroleum Company to supply petroleum to Asia. In 1928 when Royal Dutch Shell plc and the Burmah Oil Company Limited (was a leading British oil business) in India were merged and Burmah Shell Oil Storage Distribution Company of India was born. After the independence of Pakistan in 1947, the name was changed to the Burmah Shell Oil Distribution Company of Pakistan. In 1970, when 51% of the shareholding was transferred to Pakistani investors, the name of changed to Pakistan Burmah Shell (PBS) Limited. The Shell and the Burmah Groups, retained the remaining 49% in equal proportions. In February of 1993, as economic liberalization began to take root and the Burmah divested from PBS, Shell Petroleum stepped into raise its stake to 51%. The years 2001-2 have seen the Shell Petroleum Company successively increasing its share, with the Group now having a 76% stake in Shell Pakistan Ltd (SPL) an expression of confidence The second largest oil company in the country, Shell Pakistan has successfully positioned itself as the preferred oil and Gas Company in Pakistan, leading the field in its commitment to customer service, quality of products, safety and environmental protection. Currently shell has been operating for over more than 90 countries and territories and has been providing its products and services. Shell Pakistan is divided into 8 functional areas i.e. Retail, Lubricants, Aviation, Operations, Finance, Corporate, Human Resource and Commercial Fuels. It has played a leading role in energy demand of Pakistan. It represented in all aspects of the upstream and downstream oil business in Pakistan, in exploration both onshore and offshore, in refining, as well as a 26% share holding in the white oil pipeline( an oil pipeline from Port Qasim to the Pak-Arab Refinery (PARCO) at Mehmood Kot, Multan District, Punjab,). As Shell has a rich legacy and long association with Pakistan, it operates over 800 retail stations, it has the leading market share among foreign petroleum retail businesses in Pakistan. HR BUSINESS STRUCTURE OF SHELL A business needs people to achieve its goals. In every organization the business activities are performed by different people working in different departments like marketing, finance, IT, and others, but HR is the one whose functions are not only associated with performing its own department activities but also to look over the activities of other departments. In two words, it is charged with the overall responsibility for deciding upon and implementing strategies and policies aligned with organizations goals and getting the things done from people and then with the management of individuals and departments. Shells HR activities are not dependent on a respective country level but they are categorized into three different levels. HR Business (Global) Shells HR Business has been operating at the global level and evolved in designing the replica of various businesses like Retail, supply and distribution, commercial, global functions, manufacturing, chemicals, finance/controllers, etc. Centre of Excellence (Regional) The people working in centers of excellence are on the regional level and are responsible in making overall policies, setting remuneration, expatriation, and making policies for competence development. HR Country (Respective country) At the country level they are the people like HR managers so where ever shell has been operating the respective country includes HRM. The policies aligned to the business and functions are implemented here and the managers are responsible in conveying what needs to be done. Shell Pakistan is dealing at this country level so our further discussion will be based on the activities of HR country Pakistan. HR Departments Structure at Country Level The responsibilities for HR department at country level are not divided into different sub-departments rather; there are the job positions in the hierarchy which are responsible in having certain duties to be performed and to hold certain responsibilities. The benchmarks are as follows: Employee Relations/Industrial Relations Employee and Industrial Relations at shell are maintained by the HR account managers who focus on the morale and motivation of employees and how they feel about working for Shell, as well as building strong relationships with employee representatives. A lot of Hr managers time is spent in communicating and consulting with Shell staff and representative bodies to ensure theyre aware of decisions at all levels, that they feel involved in the decision-making process. Learning and development Learning development is another seat for the account manager at the table within HR, the HR account manager helps in achieving of business strategies and operational plans. It helps in providing and developing key capabilities to meet the demands and challenges of the business. Working on the design and delivery of learning programs covering Leadership Development, Technical/Professional Development, and the Personal and Business Skills portfolio are the basic responsibilities for manager. Recruitment Country level HRAM provides a recruitment process that brings the best of the worlds talent to Shell and goes for top graduates and experienced professionals whose skills will secure long-term competitive advantage for the company. Policy The next HRAM is responsible in implementing policies that comes into shells basic business principles which includes core values, honesty, integrity, respect for people and the promotion of trust, openness, teamwork and professionalism, and pride in what they do. HRM enforces employees to follow up with these policies. HR PROCESS OF SHELL PAKISTAN LIMITED The process gets started with the planning of HR needs. The first basic need f HR is to make sure that the right number and right people are there at the right time. By performing job analysis it comes to know that the right people are there, by knowing surplus and shortage situations it can work on right quantity and time. Job analysis is done at the global level so Shell at country level is responsible in taking the actions on the situations of surplus and shortage. Surplus of Employees It is in the companys policy not to hire more than 500 employees. During surplus the employees are given the opportunity to apply for other jobs within country at shell and clear the selection process or other then that the HR management refers the excessive employees to other big organizations. Shortage of Employees In case of shortage the company satisfies the term fill in the vacancy in which it gives first priority to its internal employees to apply for the proceeding vacancy and then it goes for external recruitment to fill the place which has been left over by the promoted employee. RECRUITMENT AT SHELL PAKISTAN Those individuals who want to see their future at shell decides upon the way in which they want to proceed with it. There have been different recruitment methods that HR department has been considering: Methods of Recruitment Head hunter firm Shell outsources the responsibility for recruitment when it seeks to recruit a top level professional with defining the requirement grounds of maturity and competence. The organization is in a favor of equal opportunity employer where men and women both are preferred. The outsourcing is done so that the higher position does not become the victim of nepotism or corrupt system. Global Recruitment Shell appreciates the best fit employees for the above positions for which the HRAM put efforts in bringing global talent to Pakistan and it is normally done for the senior position. As Leon GM of Shell says, Global recruitment is done for global talent Internal Recruitment This method receives the primary concern at shell in which the internal employees are more preferred to apply and get selected for the positions on a fair basis as they also have to go through the overall selection process. As internal employees are more familiar with the culture, work unit, rules and regulations so it benefits the organization as well in cost saving. Moreover, there are no promotion opportunities for employees so the internal recruitment has turned out to be an alternate motivational factor to work unit. The employees can apply by visiting the companys intranet. Advertisement Advertisement opens another way for the job seekers. The advertisement is based on job specification in which all the requirements are mentioned which perhaps reduces the possibility of untalented individuals to apply. As the Gm said that going into job description is a lengthy process. The blind box strategy has been proved not that helpful for the HR managers at shell because they applied this strategy for twice but no adequate response was received. Employee Referrals When the company posts the job offers on the notice board or on its intranet for the internal employees then it also runs the possibility that employees will get their referrals along. Job search (cyberspace) Cyberspace is categorized for professionals, internees, and graduates. There are application forms which need to be filled with an attached resumes. POST-RECRUITMENT PROCESS Initial Screening CV/Resumes The individuals curriculum vitae (CV) and resumes are taken into consideration when making selection decision. Shells HR management primarily focuses on the format of the resume of the candidate in other words they short list these resumes on format and pattern bases. Application Form Those candidates who apply on the internet have to register themselves for filling up an application form given on the website of shell. Here it encourages those candidates who are eligible on the criteria as decided by the company. Those candidates are short listed who meets the required criteria and they also enclose their resumes along here. The internal candidates are already registered who just need to log in while applying for the new job. SELECTION Interview Those candidates whose application forms are short listed are invited for an interview. Here an individuals culturally fit requirement is given a close consideration and two interviews are conducted. The first interview is taken by the manager of HR department and then short listed from here are sent for the second interview which is taken by the department managers along with the senior managers. Candidates behavior is also of a keen interest to an interviewer and he is assessed against capacity, achievement, relationship skills and technical skills. Background Investigation There is no specific need of background investigation because the documents that an employee carries along on the interview day become a clear evidence of employees profile. For some positions the degree and experience background is important but mostly an employee can be from any background but must be eligible for the position. Medical Requirement Minimum fitness to work is required as it is set by the Centre of excellence. The country level Hr manager while considering the main factors can reject who does not fit to the minimum requirement. ORIENTATIONAT SHELL PAKISTAN LIMITED Internally selected candidates Employees who are internally selected are given no orientation as they have already been through it and are familiar with the norms, values and culture of the organization. The work introduction is made by the line manager and the employee gradually learns about new work. New Employees The new employees when join the company they are given a set of documents in which they can make themselves aware of the framework in which policies are set so that it makes an organization a good place to work. The documents can contain the following lessons: Code of conduct and ethics Anti-corruption and bribery Anti-trust in which whistle blowing is considered as unethical Policies around harassment and gender A new employee is introduced with the work unit but its his/her responsibility as well to go, shake hand and introduce him or her to others. Moreover there are communications meetings which makes them socialize and they are also given the organization tour. Curriculum activities performed by employees The employees are also offered to attend a day in which there are number of ground activities they need to perform including group discussion, presentations, exercises, real case studies, team building activities and others, to analyze how individual can grapple with different business scenarios. It is done at the global level. LEARNING AND TRAINING Shell believes that the best way to learn is by doing. The emphasis is being on shadowing people and then if the lacking is found during performance evaluation then the employees are trained by on-the-job methods. The new employees are shadowed by which they are assigned to the line managers and observe how the work is to be carried out, what are the daily responsibilities and a lot more. They keep on learning about their work so they develop overtime. The employees are not rotated on the jobs as the promotions are restricted but it can be done by a communication or negotiation with line managers. For suppose, If an employee wants to learn about the new work or job then he can ask of it from the line manager and by the mutual discussion between them he can learn farther. There are specific indicators which analyze the need for training and are computed on the yearly based performances. Analyzing Training needs Accept Error The Hr department keeps the record of employees to evaluate their performances and to see whether they are set into the environment. It looks that the person must be culturally fit, behavior is good, does the work by own, performance is good, and dont tries to dominate over others. Many times the employees are imaged as a perfect candidate for the position during an interview process but the time when the reality appears and if it is opposite then the HR manager does consider it as an accept error. It indicates that an employee needs more of the training. The person is given a period of six months in which he or she is trained to fit into the specific requirements and evaluation also goes a long time to time. Competence profile There are competence profiles for each job and people are supposed to be assessed together on profiles. For instance, firstly the people are shadowed and then if somebody needs to acquire leadership skills, negotiation or interpersonal skills or any other skill then for that there are programs like on-the-job training such as; Work Assignments Team tasks Projects Shadowing people Links to websites with different universities Management articles and research publications DEVELOPMENT AND TRAINING There are international programs for employee development and training. The pure development is been made through foreign courses which are considered as a part of off-the-job training and the training which helps a little in development of an employee are virtual courses. Foreign Courses Foreign courses are considered as the development of an employee as the HR director stated, There are public and foreign courses which is a part of the overall development, we look at the individuals job performance and potential so everybody doesnt go for that and everybody may think that unless are gone for a course they cant be able to learn, but learning and development are two different things. You should need to be learning all the time and as development is the costly process so we limits off the candidates. Virtual courses (Shell Open University) These are the online courses by which an employee can learn by browsing the shells official website where one can get the access to shell Open Universitys web page and learn all the relevant things. PERFORMANCE APPRAISAL Performance appraisal is done by two way process: Goal Performance Appraisal Shell set targets for improvement and measures, appraises and then reports performance. There is a competency profile for each job according to which an employee is assigned to the different work-related goals that need to be achieved. GPA is given on the evaluation whether the goals have been achieved. Ranking Ranking is a process alike on which the individuals are compared within their departments and the best ranker receives the reward. There is a structured budget so only one person will be receiving the reward. As the HR manager stated, Everybody cant be man of the match in every match. REWARDS AND BENEFITS TO EMPLOYEES The employees are benefited and rewarded on many different grounds. Some of them are as follows: Internal recruitment The internal employees are given the first priority to apply for the next positions. This has been made as an alternate for promotions. Competitive Salary The competitive salary is based on market conditions so the experienced and the one with high skills is probably the one who is paid high. Performance-related pay and bonuses When the employee accomplishes goal-performance appraisal then he/she is rewarded with bonuses or sometimes it gets the increase in salary. Club memberships The employees are given different club memberships and are also offered to participate into its activities in which they are awarded as well by the clubs. Vehicles The employees are given cars and pick and drop facilities. The top managers are also benefited with fuels. Annual paid leaves The employees are given annual paid leaves for which there salary is not deducted. Flexible working practices The environment of the work place is made so flexible and interesting that the employees feel secure and remain concentrated while being at the work place. The timings are also flexible so that employees cannot think about taking out time for some of his/her off the job related work during job. Long Service Awards Shell recently held a long service awards distribution ceremony in 2010 at Karachi in which the eligible staff who had completed 30, 25, 20, 15, 10 years of experience in the company were awarded. Champions trophy The champions trophy-east was launched in 2009 to recognize and reward account managers and sales managers for the commercial fuel teams in east. It was aimed to energize the sales professionals and appreciate the outstanding performances .From Pakistan Ehtesham saleem, AM for a Pakistan commercial fuel was awarded. Traveling vouchers In 2009 shell evaluated its top 3 sales performers in east and they were given travel vouchers valued at 3,000pounds, 2,500 pounds, and 2,000 pounds for the first, second and third winner respectively in which the account managers from Pakistan were also included. Other benefits and rewards include: Maternity/paternity leave and possible sabbaticals Mobile bills Shell fuel cards Pension/ retirement plans Healthcare coverage Recommendations Shell is one of the biggest organizations globally, but as it has all the policies designed at global level so it costs high at regional level. The demands of culture and needs of employees vary from country to country. So for every region the policies should be well designed and structured according to the needs of the employees. It is very time consuming because the HR department working in Pakistan has to gather all the information regarding performance appraisals, promotions etc and then all of this information is sent at a global level, it can create a communication gap without the HR department working at a global and a regional level. Policies should not only be implemented but should also be created according to the employees, because the supervisor or the manager to whom the employee reports directly only knows about his/her performance. Conclusion HR department in every organization plays a vital role in managing all the activities which are related to profitability and management of employees which are main assets of an organization. Shell is a multi-national organization which is working at a global and regional level. All the policies are made for the benefit of the employees, they consider everyone equally none is favored or prioritized unless he/she is capable and prove themselves by fulfilling the tasks assigned. They motivate their employees by providing them the opportunity to apply for a vacant position which shows that how much they are valued. Team work is valued because they consider that an employee is no good to the organization if he/she cannot cope up with the team, everyone can work for themselves but a true dedicated individual is that who matches his desired needs with the organization demands.

COLD SASSY TREE Essay -- essays research papers

Cold Sassy Tree, a novel by Olive Ann Burns, is an incredible story about the southern town of Cold Sassy, and a young man named Will Tweedy. In 1906, fourteen year old Will Tweedy is just starting to realize what it means to be a man, and all the responsibility that comes along with growing up. In Cold Sassy GA, the town is filled with gossip surrounding the town’s newest newlyweds. Will Tweedy finds himself eyewitness to it all. Grandpa E Rucker Blakeslee has ‘tied the knot’ with the young milliner, Miss Love Simpson. With it being only three weeks after the death of his last wife, the family and town alike are shocked. Confused but curious about it all, Will observes what it means to be husband and wife and what it really means to love. Puzzled by the secrets shared between the two, he tries to figure out just why Grandpa Blakeslee asked Miss Love for her hand in marriage and why she even agreed. While Grandpa Blakeslee is experiencing his second adolescence, Will is trying to make it through his first. When Will gets hit by a train and is still alive to tell about it, Grandpa Blakeslee gives him a lesson on God’s Will. And Will starts to realize not everyone interprets things the same way. When the mill child, Lightfoot crosses Will’s pa th his heart skips a beat. With all Will’s new found attractions and desires he decided to try his luck with the girls. That’s when he experiences his first kiss, and also his first heartbreak. After the innocent Uncle Camp kill’s himself due to Aunt Loma’s constant criticism, Will starts to question how he treats people. He starts to wonder if maybe he helped his uncle pull the trigger. Soon after that Grandpa Blakeslee’s store isn’t doing all that well. Two unidentified strangers come and rob Grandpa Blakeslee blind, in the process beating him up ‘something awful’. With his weakness effecting his immune system, he catches a bad case of pneumonia and soon passes away. But not before Miss Love could tell him what he had been waiting to hear his whole life†¦. He would soon have a son to carry on the family name. Not at all scared of death or the unknown, Grandpa Blakeslee orders a letter to be read concerning his funeral and remains. But to everyone’s surprise he orders the cheapest and lowest class funeral and orders himself nothing, but a wooden box. Wanting no one to mourn over him and everyone to know that he was dead... ...d soon before she died of cancer in 1994. She never finished Leaving Cold Sassy. Burns was born in 1924 on a farm in Banks County GA. Her childhood school was what modeled in her novel Cold Sassy Tree. She received a degree in journalism from the University of North Carolina, and later went on to join the Sunday magazine staff of Atlanta Journal and Constitution, were she stayed for ten years. Her marriage of the magazine’s editor, Andy, soon produced two children, Becky and John. The novel Cold Sassy Tree was based on the stories her father told her as a young child.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  This book left me with the impression that life in the south in 1906 maybe wasn’t as bad as it seemed. Even without all the modern technology there is today, people had fun in other ways. In a lot of ways life was better back then. But there was still some of the crime and injustice we still see today. Religion seems to be a big part of their everyday lives. I believe other’s should read this book if they want to relive life in the south, and watch how a young southern boy finally grows up.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  

The Environmental And Sustainable Policy Of Abb Environmental Sciences Essay

ABB has been committed to the betterment of the production public presentation for both public public-service corporation and industry clients every bit good as lower negative effects to the environment. While cut down the ingestion of energy and natural resorts utilizing, the nucleus operation for ABB is to supply higher efficient systems, merchandises and services. That is why environmental direction is one of the most anterior concern. The environmental policy is considered to be summed up to several facets: Constructing up the environmental direction system ( ISO14001 ) , ABB carries out the environmental rule, and keeps promises to go on with invention, observant and the instruction of staffs, supports environmental friendly manner in their concern. Promoting their clients and providers to utilize international environmental criterions, ABB now has put environmental elements into the hazard appraisal of large clients. As a nucleus operation, the efficiency of energy and resources is assisting to the betterment of industry engineering. Innovation and publicity of the production which can better utilize the clean energy and raise the efficiency are the focal point of ABB The environmental public presentation of ABB mills is examined and verified in a certain period. It is to be published that the environmental declaration of the production and the environmental public presentation of the nucleus production. Sustainability study is supposed to be made every twelvemonth. The independent bureau will look into to maintain the transparency of the study. High eco efficient engineerings will be sold to the developing states. By and large talking, ABB now is utilizing 4 methods to increase the its sustainability: increasing the economic benefit, spread outing the environmental direction system, transporting out societal policies and advancing electrization undertakings. While accomplishing the end of economic growing, It is seeking to minimise the negative impacts to environment. However if we look into the environmental policy, it is non difficult to happen that after probe, the duty, that if the environmental direction system of ABB does non run into the demand of international criterions, is non distinguishable. The missing of duty committedness causes an unexplainable behavior in the environmental direction. The energy losingss in 2008 is much higher than that in 2007 or 2006. Fossil fuel, as the chief type of energy, is still widely used in the productive procedure. As the taking company in the field of high efficient production, evidently ABB does non pay much attending to the higher per centum of energy losingss, compared with 2007 and 2006, in the production procedure. The declaration of the public presentation merely focuses on nucleus merchandises. As a affair of fact, if we check from the GRI indexs of ABB in 2008, It is shown that the risky substances are much more used than earlier. The ignore of the accessory merchandises hinder the betterment of sustainability scheme. The sensible border-crossing development scheme is non even mentioned in the sustainable policies. Transportation system of the merchandises now caused a immense emanation of C dioxide. The location of the subdivision companies and the energy supply scheme for the mills are supposed to follow the rule that can minimise the transit distance.Environmental policy of ABB related ISO14001 guidelinesISO14001 is a international criterions for Environmental Management Systems ( EMS ) , so the demands of ISO have incorporated with the different involvements of companies. Since ABB is a immense international group, it is difficult to acquire a incorporate criterion for the whole company. The guidelines we are speaking about now bases on the simple demands of the EMS. The committedness and environmental policy The committedness of an organisation should include two chief parts: the ground why the organisation wants to go green and what is the general thought of the how to command the environmental impacts. The environmental policy is supposed to see all the stakeholders in the system. Initial environmental reappraisal In this portion, organisation should do a deep research of the environmental state of affairs, and have a better apprehension of the challenges that they are confronting. The advantages and disadvantages of former environmental direction system need to be considered. Planing the environmental policy For shaving a comprehensive environmental policy, the impact made by the organisation ‘s activities must do certain every bit good as the feedback from environment. Not merely legal demands need to be met, besides some higher demanding 1s. Environmental direction plans are made to accomplish the environmental aims and marks. The duties and clip tabular array for the plan are besides of import. Implementing the environmental policy The transporting out of the environmental policy requires most of the attempt. The environmental undertaking is assign to everybody, the resources to back up the environmental plans are transmitted to forces. The duties of forces are affirmed, tested by a particular authorization which has the rights to describe to the top of the organisation. Eduction to the forces that makes sure of every organic structure understanding their undertakings and moving as the environmental public presentation requiring, need to be ensured by the organisation. Daily concern integrates the environmental plans The direction plan demand to be documented for the external hearers, so that the activities of the organisation are wholly known by the populace. Information about environmental direction is updated on clip. Productive procedures and activities which have a important impact to envronment are supposed to be examined by the organisation, besides with the goods and services. Potential environmental hazards and accidents should be identified. Methods of bar and security are tested and carried out. Measurement and rating All the equipments utilizing a proctor look intoing the productive activities need to be ensured about their truth. The duties to cover with the actions which has a negative impacts to the environment demand to be defined. Audited accounts and reappraisal The reappraisal of the EMS purposes to look into the efficiency of the system and besides find the topographic points need to be evaluated. External environmental communicating The environmental study are supposed to be made for the external stakeholders, from which the environmental public presentation of the organisation are established. Then communicating with the stakeholders about the effects and impacts provides an overall public thought of the EMS. Now if we relate the ABB environmental policy to ISO14001, several jobs showed up. Duties and clip frame The duties of the environmental public presentation for forces are non clear and definite. First of wholly, the undertaking and attempt for forces are non mentioned in the environmental policy, in which instance the from the policy we can non acquire information about the mark and disposal on the employee degree. Second there is no scheme with a clip bound. The missing of timetable causes an unsure orientation in the audits and reexamine portion. This eventually leads to a lower dependable The high ecoefficiency engineering reassigning to developing states The measurement and rating in ABB ‘s subdivision companies does non turn out to be trumps. More than 5,000 employees are traveling to be advertised in China, but the energy efficiency becomes lower. Carbon dioxide emanations which come from energy utilizing takes up a higher per centum of the whole C dioxide emanations. The lower ecoefficiency gives a fact that while be aftering the environmental policy, ABB dainty different part otherwise. As to the environmental direction system, non a higher degree than legal one, ABB is utilizing in their production procedure. Interaction with the environment and communicating with stakeholders The interaction with the environment is worth more attending. The merchandises and services of ABB have a important impact to the environment, while the scheme of cut downing the negative impacts are non given a deep look. The overall thought of the environmental consequence to the productive procedure are non in a to the full reading, which causes an unconvinced thought of the ABB environmental mark. Communication with the stakeholders helps to maintain a comprehensive and rational thought of the environmental system. However this is non included in ABB environmental policy.Environmental policy related to specific merchandise and service profile of the companyABB is the taking company in the universe bring forthing energy merchandises. The solar power works in Spain now is supplying clean electricity for 50,000 Spanish households, which is the largest solar power works in the Europe. However the clean clean electricity used in ABB ‘ productive advancement is less than 6.3 % . Besides the electricity grids made by ABB can minimise the electricity loss in the transmittal. The high-potential current transmittal grids now being used in Three Gorges Dam in China, have a high energy efficiency. The electricity it saves in one twelvemonth can run into the demand of 500,000 Chinese households ‘ electricity demands. The control system and high efficient equipment in DuBai cut the energy loss by 46 % in aluminium industry. But if we check in the GRI study in 2008, it is non difficult to happen that the energy loss for ABB in 2008 is much more than 2007 and 2006. The universe largest submerged power line linking Norway and Netherland saves 1.7million dozenss of C dioxide emanations. While the C dioxide from ABB are increasing, which means the chief energy ingestion is still fossil fuel. ABB put much investing and attempt on the research on new merchandises which have high energy efficiency and lower energy loss, but the production advancement of ABB is non to the full following the energy and environmental scheme. The implementing of environmental direction system need more attempt and the initial reappraisal of the EMS has non put focal point on the energy efficiency.ABB long term programWith the fast turning demand of electricity, the accent is still electricity product.s. The corporation with authorities will be enhanced. Governments all over the universe now are confronting a higher force per unit area with the energy deficit. So high energy efficiency equipment and system will derive more benefit for ABB. The merchandise which improves the productiveness and uses less energy is still the development way. Renewable energy is another tendency for ABB. Since the development of the clean energy expands a new energy market, ABB will lodge to its consistent energy sc heme and do great attempt on the contraption of renewable energy merchandises.

Hero: Explaining why Napoleon Bonaparte Essay

Napoleon Bonaparte must be considered a hero in French history. Through his liberal ways of coming to power and controlling France, Napoleon was able to create unity and stability, both political and economic, in one of the most powerful nations in Europe at the time. Napoleon was not only an excellent leader, but also a dominant war strategist. He was able to conquer enemies of France and expand Frances territory. By giving people rights and freedoms, forming a respectable educational system and creating religious tolerance, along with dominating the enemies of France with his excellent skills in militarism, Napoleon became one of the greatest French leaders and heroes of all time. Napoleon claimed â€Å"Equality must be the first element in education. This was the basis of the educating system Napoleon strived for. The Education reforms which Napoleon introduced in 1802 called the lycees allowed this equality to occur and enhanced the way of learning for all of the citizens. By giving all citizens the right to an education, Napoleon was showing that he would guarantee prosperous future for France. Napoleon also created a document referred to as the Code Napoleon, yet another very liberal action, which stated the rules and laws of the state along with stating and guarding the rights and freedoms Napoleon wanted all Frenchmen to have. Napoleon also worked heavily to stabilize the French economy. He developed the Bank of France and helped propel the Francs value higher and higher until eventually it was the highest valued currency in Europe. Not only did Napoleon solve economic problems, but he also worked to solve social and religious differences as well. Previously the church was an enemy of and was against the rule of Napoleon, however this issue was resolved when The Concordat was introduced by Napoleon himself. Mending the rift between the Church and State allowed freedom of religion and rejuvenated the beliefs within the people of France. The Concordat which was signed stated that Catholicism would be recognized as the religion of the majority and allowed the church to resume processions and reopen the seminaries. Though Catholicism was now viewed as the religion of the majority, it still was not the official religion of the state, crating a more religiously tolerant society in France. This move once again supports the more liberal demeanor  of Napoleon as previously few would have dared to challenge the authority of the church in this way. As a military genius, Napoleon won many battles to expand France and was always welcomed back to France as a hero. By instituting the Levee en Masse, Napoleon was able to ensure he would have the man power needed to operate his great war machine. His use of strategic warfare throughout many battles allowed him to be seen as a hero not only in France but all of Europe. Although his army was outnumbered by the Russians and Austrians in December 2, 1805, Napoleon’s brilliant strategies resulted in a defeat of the opposing armies in the Battle of Austerlitz. In many other battles that were fought and won by Napoleon, he would use his military experience and tactics to anticipate his opponent’s attacks and defeat them no matter the odds. After winning many battles he expanded France by signing treaties with the other countries which he had occupied. The fact that Napoleon won so many battles gave the French people something to be proud of. It was victories such as these which brought great pride and a feeling of unity to the people of France. Napoleon was seen as a great heroic from his successes on the battlefield as he expanded his now vast empire. Napoleon Bonaparte must be seen as not only a hero of France, but perhaps the greatest French hero of all time. Through his liberal ideas and actions, Napoleon was able to grab hold of a nation and bring it under his control. Through such acts as the Code Napoleon and The Concordant he was able to give the French people the rights and freedoms they so desired. Napoleon created the bank of France and contributed greatly to the strengthening of the Franc. Lastly Napoleon, through and his army dominated the rest of Europe expanding France into vast empire. Napoleon was a great hero, who, through liberal action, revolutionized France. bibliography: www.europeanhistory.comNapoleon: Life and Times, Janet Locke, published 1983

Prehistoric Life During the Silurian Period

Prehistoric Life During the Silurian Period The Silurian period only lasted 30 or so million years, but this period of geologic history witnessed at least three major innovations in prehistoric life: the appearance of the first land plants, the subsequent colonization of dry land by the first terrestrial invertebrates, and the evolution of jawed fish, a huge evolutionary adaptation over previous marine vertebrates. The Silurian was the third period of the Paleozoic Era (542-250 million years ago), preceded the Cambrian and Ordovician periods and succeeded by the Devonian, Carboniferous and Permian periods. Climate and Geography Experts disagree about the climate of the Silurian period; global sea and air temperatures may have exceeded 110 or 120 degrees Fahrenheit, or they might have been more moderate (only 80 or 90 degrees). During the first half of the Silurian, much of the earths continents were covered by glaciers (a holdover from the end of the preceding Ordovician period), with climatic conditions moderating by the start of the ensuing Devonian. The giant supercontinent of Gondwana (which was destined to break apart hundreds of millions of years later into Antarctica, Australia, Africa and South America) gradually drifted into the far southern hemisphere, while the smaller continent of Laurentia (the future North America) straddled the equator. Marine Life During the Silurian Period Invertebrates. The Silurian period followed the first major global extinction on earth, at the end of the Ordovician, during which 75 percent of sea-dwelling genera went extinct. Within a few million years, though, most forms of life had pretty much recovered, especially arthropods, cephalopods, and the tiny organisms known as graptolites. One major development was the spread of reef ecosystems, which thrived on the borders of the earths evolving continents and hosted a wide diversity of corals, crinoids, and other tiny, community-dwelling animals. Giant sea scorpions - such as the three-foot-long Eurypterus - were also prominent during the Silurian, and were by far the biggest arthropods of their day. Vertebrates. The big news for vertebrate animals during the Silurian period was the evolution of jawed fish like Birkenia and Andreolepis, which represented a major improvement over their predecessors of the Ordovician period (such as Astraspis and Arandaspis). The evolution of jaws, and their accompanying teeth, allowed the prehistoric fish of the Silurian period to pursue a wider variety of prey, as well as to defend themselves against predators, and was a major engine of subsequent vertebrate evolution as the prey of these fish evolved various defenses (like greater speed). The Silurian also marked the appearance of the first identified lobe-finned fish, Psarepolis, which was ancestral to the pioneering tetrapods of the ensuing Devonian period. Plant Life During the Silurian Period The Silurian is the first period for which we have conclusive evidence of terrestrial plants - tiny, fossilized spores from obscure genera like Cooksonia and Baragwanathia. These early plants were no more than a few inches high, and thus possessed only rudimentary internal water-transport mechanisms, a technique that took tens of millions of years of subsequent evolutionary history to develop. Some botanists speculate that these Silurian plants actually evolved from freshwater algae (which would have collected on the surfaces of small puddles and lakes) rather than ocean-dwelling predecessors. Terrestrial Life During the Silurian Period As a general rule, wherever you find terrestrial plants, youll also find some kinds of animals. Paleontologists have found direct fossil evidence of the first land-dwelling millipedes and scorpions of the Silurian period, and other, comparably primitive terrestrial arthropods were almost certainly present as well. However, large land-dwelling animals were a development for the future, as vertebrates gradually learned how to colonize dry land. Next: the Devonian Period

How to Apply for College Complete Expert Guide

How to Apply for College Complete Expert Guide SAT / ACT Prep Online Guides and Tips Applying for college is a complex process with a lot of moving parts. However, the process doesn’t need to be confusing! By learning about each step and starting early, you can navigate your applications like a pro. This comprehensive guide will go over the ABC’s of how to apply tocollege, from each requirement to what you can be doing as early as freshman year to start planning. While technically your application is made up of a few required materials, it’s actually shaped by what you do and accomplish throughout all four years of high school. That’s why we’ll start off this guide with advice for what you can do early on to build a strong foundation. If you’re already a senior in the midst of college application season, then you can scroll down for more concrete information on application requirements. (This guide, by the way, is primarily focused on applications to four year colleges.) Let’s begin by considering what you can do in the first few years of high school to prepare for applying to college. Plan Early for College As your teachers may have told you, admissions officers consider all four years of high school when they evaluate your application. They want to know what classes you’ve chosen, grades you’ve received, and extracurriculars you've been involved in. They’re interested to learn about your progress, whether you’ve chosen progressively harder classes, for example, or advanced into a leadership position in a club. Ultimately, factors like your grade point average (GPA), test scores, and academic and extracurricular achievements determine where you apply. You may apply to a few schools that let in students whose GPA and scores are a little higher than yours, a few that match, and a few that are lower. You’ll research, visit, and apply to schools that you like and where you think you have a good chance of getting in. Rather than figuring all this out senior year, you can go into high school with a proactive mindset. Be conscious about choosing your course schedule, extracurriculars, and standardized tests. All of these components will help determine what schools make it onto your list and how to apply for college. Let’s consider each of thesepiecesindividually, in terms of what you’ll acutally submit to schools, why colleges care, and how you can put yourself in the best possible position to apply. Choosing Classes Your colleges are interested in both your grades and which classes you decided to take. This is one of the most important parts of how to apply to college. First, what will you show the admissions committee? What Will You Send? When you apply to college, you’ll have your high school send along your official transcript. Your transcript will show the classes you took and the grades you received. All your grades together make up your GPA, which is an important measure that admissions officers use to compare students’ records. Colleges also get a report on each high school so they have context for your individual record. They should know what level of classes are on your course list - college prep, honors, AP, for example, along with the general expectations and rigor. They should know if your school adds an extra six points for honors classes, or if its GPA scale is out of 5.0 rather than the usual 4.0. Colleges will also see your courses, grades, and any AP results from senior year. An acceptance halfway through the year is still contingent on successful completion of all your classes. Why Do Colleges Care? So what are colleges looking for in your high school transcript? First, they want to see evidence of academic achievement and college readiness. They want to make sure you can succeed in your college classes. Especially selective schools are looking for students with outstanding academic records. Beyond this, admissions officers often appreciate evidence of progress. They want to see that you’re improving over the years and taking on challenges. If you have some choice in electives, they may also be able to learn more about your interests from what you’ve chosen. Colleges seek academically oriented students with a love of learning who are willing to challenge themselves. Evidence of these qualities in high school bodes well for building a class of students who will succeed in class and ultimately use their education to contribute in positive ways to society. Considering the importance of your academic record in your college applications, what can you do as a freshman and after to prepare? What Does This Mean For You? A lot of your classes in high school, like four years of English and math, may be chosen for you by high school requirements. However, you may have choice in the level of classes, as well as in areas with more options like foreignlanguage and electives. If you’re someone driven to take all the honors and AP classes you can, then your challenge will be to find ways to balance all your work and find time to honor your interests. Colleges appreciate demonstrated interest in a specific field as much as, if not more, than general well-roundedness. If you’re starting out in mostly college prep classes, consider adding an honors class or two to your schedule. If you especially like English, then consider taking on the challenge there. If math makes sense to you, see if you can transition into a higher level. Even if you had a rocky freshman year, you can show admissions officers that you’re making progress over all four years. Treat all classes as important, as they’re all part of your GPA. Remember, a 3.7 (A-) in honors classes versus a 3.7 in all college prep classes will be more competitive. Rather than playing it safe for an easy A, seek out a challenge in the subject(s) that call to you. Apart from your performance in the classroom, admissions officers are also looking to see what you do outside the classroom. Extracurricular Involvement Just like with your classes, grades, and GPA, you’ll send a record of your extracurricular activities. As above, let’s take a look at what you’ll send, why colleges care, and what you can do to prepare. What Will You Send? On your college application, you’ll list out your activities, including clubs, sports, summer camps or classes, and work experience. You’ll typically give a brief description of your role, along with the time commitment and how long you’ve been involved. Some students also send a resume with their application, which similarly lists and describes your activities and/or work. You’ll tell admissions officers about your extracurriculars throughout all four years of high school. Why Do Colleges Care? Admissions officers are looking to gain a full sense of who you are as a student. If they only relied on grades and test scores, most colleges would have more qualified students than they had spots to offer. Secondly, they could accidentally end up with an entire class of engineers, or writers, or history majors (unlikely, but still a possibility if they don’t get to know each student’s interests and goals beyond her grades). Not only do they want to find students with diverse experiences and interests, they want to find students who will be active and create a lively, interactive community. If you’re involved in high school, then you’re likely to get involved in college too. Just as colleges want to find students who are open to taking on academic challenges, they want students who pursue their interests and take action toward their goals. Again, colleges are seeking to educate students who will go on to create value in the world. Not only does your academic record indicate how you approach your education, but your extracurriculars show how you get involved in your community and the world around you. What Does This Mean For You? Explore! Get involved! But do so in a way that’s authentic to you. You definitely don’t have to go sign up for every club and team that your school offers. In fact, doing somight just confuse admissions officers. They want to know what you’re interested in, rather than see you participating for the sake of resume building. Deep involvement is looked at more favorably than occasional participation. If you join a club freshman or sophomore year, then you could benefit both personally and on your college apps from sustaining that involvement and even advancing into a leadership position (or developing greater skill in a more solitary pursuit like painting or writing poetry). Freshman year and summer is a great time to explore activities. Not only will you be able to explore your interests and discover new ones, but you might meet like-minded peers and gain skills that can help in class and eventually professional environments. Consider clubs, sports, art, music, community service, volunteer work, travel, internships, part time jobs†¦and reflect on what led you there and what you’d like to gain from the experience. Ideally, you’ll take time to explore in the beginning of high school and get more deeply involved in later years. Along with your classes and GPA, your extracurricular involvement indicates your interests, commitments, and how you might contribute at college. The finalpart of your application that requires months to years of planning is your standardized tests, like the SAT and ACT. Plan and Prep for Standardized Tests Most colleges require the SAT or ACT (and TOEFL if English isn’t your native language). For the majority of students, doing well on these tests requires a lot of prep and planning. Most take it more than once, even up to three times or more. Let’s consider what colleges want to see, why, and how it affects your college planning. What Will You Send? Most colleges, unless they’re test optional or test flexible, require that you send the SAT or ACT. Some also require one or two SAT Subject Tests. You’ll take the tests, leave at least three weeks to get your scores back, and request official score reports sent from College Board or ACT, Inc. Why Do Colleges Care? The SAT and ACT are standardized tests, meaning that the test and testing conditions are the same for all students who take it (or at least, they’re supposed to be). While these tests can be controversial, their underlying purpose is to compare students’ academic abilities and achievement on an equal footing. As I mentioned above, colleges have some sense of the differences among high schools and can thereby put your GPA and course selection in context. The SAT and ACT allow them to automatically compare scores on a more level playing field. You can figure out what score you need by searching the name of your college and average SAT or ACT scores of accepted students. If you already have a dream school in mind, then you can shape your test prep around achieving the target scores you need to be a competitive applicant. What else do these testing requirements mean for you as you go through high school? What Does This Mean For You? Because these are important tests, especially if you’re making up for a low GPA, you should prep early and give yourself enough opportunities to retest and improve your scores. You may start researching colleges early, so you can have a sense of how high a score you need to achieve. One common schedule is to take the SAT or ACT for the first time in the fall of junior year, again in the spring, and for a final time in the fall of senior year. This means you’ll start prepping in sophomore year or the summer after. Just as you should be thoughtful about your class schedule and extracurricular involvement, you should start planning and studying early for this important part of your college application. You’ll learn a lot from your classes and experiences during high school and will grow a lot in terms of your interests and beliefs. As you explore and reflect, you should start thinking about where you’d like to go to college and where you have a good shot at admission. By the end of junior year, you should be drafting your college list. Making Your College List Apart from the preparation and planning discussed above, one of your first direct steps toward applying to college will be making your college list. There are thousands of colleges to choose from in the U.S. While this may sound overwhelming, you can narrow the number down quicklywith a few considerations. Some of these considerations include location, size, majors, financial aid, and overall academic and social culture. The selectiveness of the school will be a determining factor too, i.e., whether or not you have the grades to get in. Ultimately, you should aim to have about two reach schools (tough, but possible for you to get in), three on-target schools (reasonable chance), and two safety schools (very strong likelihood that you’ll get accepted). You may apply to more, but it's not advisable to send out applications to 20+ schools to see which ones stick. It's more important to figure out the question of institutional fit up front, rather than stressing out in April about which college to choose. You can set your preferences onsearch tools, like College Board and Naviance, to find schools and learn more about them. Apart from learning about the schools on their websites, you should, if possible, visit and take a campus tour. Touring Campus If you can, you should definitely visit your colleges of interest in person. Just walking around the grounds, checking out the buildings, and feeling the general vibe of a school can help you figure out if it’s somewhere you’d like to spend four years of your life. Most high schools allow their students three or four excused absences to take campus visits. You can take tours over the summer too, but you’ll get a more realistic sense of the school if you go when students are there, and classes are in session. You can usually sign up for campus tours on the school websites, and sometimes you can arrange to stay overnight in a dorm or meet with school officials. Some admissions officers keep track of your â€Å"demonstrated interest,† so having your name on campus visit records could ultimately be helpful for your application too. Now that you have a sense of the planning and preliminary steps that go into applying to college, let’s review the actual requirements of most college applications. This application contains all the information, like test scores and extracurriculars, that summarizes your high school work. We’ll go over each part, as well as some strategies for keeping track of everything. College Application Requirements Before getting into each component in more detail, let’s go over a general overview of what you’ll need to send to colleges to apply for admission: Application Personal Essay Supplemental Essays Recommendations High School Transcript SAT or ACT score reports Some students send additional supplemental information if their program calls for it, like a portfolio for art school. Others may also set up interviews. More selective schools, like the Ivy League and MIT, often require interviews, while others simply encourage them. Usually, the school will have an alum close by that can meet you in a library or coffee shop and talk about your experiencesand interest in the school. Let’s take a look at each of the maincomponents in greater detail. I’ll give a brief description here, but check out the links for more extensive guides on each application requirement. The Application Many schools use the Common Application, an online app that you can fill out once and then submit to several schools at once. The Universal Application is another option for some schools, though not as common. Some schools, like those in the University of Texas and University of California system, use their own applications. Whether you use one kind of app or a combination, you’ll set up an online account with a username and password. You’ll fill out basic personal data, like your name, address, and contact information. The first four "pages" of the Common App, for instance, ask for this type of information on yourself and your family, plus your educational and testing records. The final two pages ask you to write about your extracurricular activities and paste your personal essay. While filling out your application may only require a few weeks of information gathering and proofreading, other components, like your essay and recommendations, merit a few months of preparation. The Personal Essay (and Any Supplemental Essays) Your personal essay is a very significant part of your application. It’s your chance to share your voice with the admissions committee and describe something meaningful to you. Plus, you demonstrate your ability to consider and communicate ideas through writing. The Common App asks you to choose from one of five essay prompts, all of which ask you to share something insightful about your identity. Schools with their own applications will have different essay questions. Admissions officers want to get to know you, and are looking at depth of thought and quality of writing along with insight into your character and personality. Your personal essay is a challenging piece of writing, and it's a good idea to start at least two to three months before your deadlines to give yourself time to brainstorm, draft, elicit feedback, and revise. Some schools also ask additional essay questions. These essays are usually shorter and may ask why you want to go to the school. Some questions arepretty unusual and call for you to get creative. Just as your personal essay and supplemental essays take a few months of planning, your recommendation letters also require early preparation. Letters of Recommendation Most colleges require a recommendation, often referred to as the "secondary school report" from your counselor, along with one or two recommendations from teachers. Commonly, you'll ask a teacher you had in junior year. If you're applying to a specific program or major, you should ask a teacher in that field. The best letters come from teachers who know you well and are enthusiastic about recommending you. Just as admissions committees read your personal essay to get to know you better, they also place a good deal of weight on recommendations and what they have to say about your academic and personal strengths. You want to ask your recommenders at least three to four weeks before your deadlines, plus you should spend some time filling out a detailed "brag sheet" that they can refer to as they write your letter. While all of the requirements discussed above will be part of your application, you'll also have to step outside of your online application account to send official documents, like your transcript and test scores. High School Transcript While you may self-report some of your classes and your GPA on your application, you also have to send along your official high school transcript. This documents shows your GPA, courses, and course grades, plus it proves that you're on track to graduating. Most high schools will have you fill out a form and pay a small fee to your guidance office, which will send your transcript to the colleges indicated. Make sure tomake your transcript request at least three weeks before your college deadlines. While you may submit a request to your guidance office, you'll send your SAT or ACT scores through your online account. Official SAT or ACT Score Reports Just like with your GPA, you might provide your scores on your application, but you still have to send official documentation. You'll request these score reports through your College Board or ACT account. If you take the SAT or ACT more than once, you might use Score Choice to decide which score reports to send (if your college allows it). You may also consider here your colleges' policy towards superscoring, or recombining your scores from various test dates to give you the highest possible composite score. As with all the other parts of applying, sending your test scores requires some strategy and planning on your part. Now that you have a sense of what you'll be sending to colleges, what about the question ofwhen to send these materials? When are college deadlines? When Are College Deadlines? Most students apply to college in the fall or winter of senior year. Schools offer a few options for deadlines, usually one or more of early decision, early action, regular decision, or rolling admissions. Early deadlines are typically in November, and regular deadlines are commonly in January. You'll get notified of your admissions decision around December or April, respectively. Schools with rolling admissions allow you to submit your application within a period of time ranging from the fall to the spring. While these schools don't have a set deadline, they still tend to favor candidates who get their applications in sooner rather than later. As you saw above, your college application process starts a lot sooner than the fall of senior year. Given that the college planning process is one that continues throughout high school, how can you keep track of everything? Keep Track of Your College Planning There's a lot to juggle when it comes to applying to college, but if you start early, you can space out the process and find ways to balance it with all your other commitments. Since the process is largely online, your applications and software like Naviance help you keep track of what you've completed and what you still have left to finish. On top of this, it'd be a good idea to write up a checklist, set personal deadlines for each requirement, and keep track of everything according to your own goals and schedule. While you may not feel like you have to do anything for college until junior or senior year, the choices you make in 9th and 10th grade actually set the foundation for where you'll apply and what will go into your college applications. Colleges want to learn about you from your application - your strengths, interests, and goals - but don't feel you should join a club or take a class based on your idea of what would impress an admissions committee. They're interested in learning about your authentic interestsand unique voice. Exploring your academic and extracurricular interests will not only help you develop and improve your skills, but it will also help you gain self-awareness. By thinking about what you like and setting goals, you'll be able to find and apply to the colleges that would ultimately be the best fit for you. Check Out These Other College Planning Resources Public vs. Private Colleges: Where Should You Go? 79 Colleges with Full Ride Scholarships The Best Colleges with Low GPA Requirements What Are In State Colleges? Should I Go to One? Can Undocumented Students Go to College? Simple Guide: How to Apply for Financial Aid These are a few of our many resources to help you plan and apply for college. Explore these resources and more to learn everything you need to know about planning and applying for college and financial aid! Want to improve your SAT score by 160 points or your ACT score by 4 points?We've written a guide for each test about the top 5 strategies you must be using to have a shot at improving your score. Download it for free now:

Budget Allocation For Internal Communication Marketing Essay

Budget Allocation For Internal Communication Marketing Essay 1. Introduction Jack Cohen founded Tesco in 1919 when he began to sell surplus groceries form a stall in the East End of London. The Tesco brand first appeared in 1924. The name came about after Jack Cohen bought a shipment of tea from T.E. Stockwell. He made new labels using the first three letters of the supplier’s names (TES), and the first two letters of his surname (CO), forming the word TESCO. The first Tesco store was opened in 1992 in Burnt Oak, Edgware, Middlesex. Tesco was floated on the London Stock Exchange in 1947 as Tesco Stores (Holdings) Limited. The first self service store opened in St Albans in 1951 and the first supermarket in Maldon in 1956. Tesco is Britain’s leading retailer. It is one of the top three retailers in the world, operating over 3,700 stores globally and employing over 440,000 people. Tesco operates in 13 countries outside the UK- Republic of Ireland, Hungary, Czech Republic, and Slovakia etc. It has its headquarter in Chesnutt, It ha s many types of stores and include Tesco Extra (24 hour), Tesco Metro (located in +town centres) and Tesco Express (attached to garages). It sells many things including food and non food items. These item include food, drinks, toiletry, CDs, DVD, books, medicine, clothes, organic food. The type of ownership that my company has is public limited company. This means it is a large company with many employees. It has shares on the stock exchange and anyone over 18 can invest in a share. Currently it is estimated that 88%of all UK food is sold through a small handful of supermarkets with Tesco being the market leaders. This equals to market sales of over  £62bn per annum clearly highlighting the buying power the supermarkets have over the supply chain. The mail players are Tesco, Sainsbury, ASDA and Morrison who compete on price and quality. Tesco has recognized that their customers are motivated primarily on price and have positioned them self’s in the market as a value added s upermarket. 3. Budget: A budget is generally a list of all planned expenses and revenues. It is a plan for saving and spending. A budget is an important concept in microelectronics, which uses a budget line to illustrate the trade-offs between two or more goods. In other word budget is an organizational plan stated in monetary terms. The purpose of budget is to provide a forecast of revenues and expenditures and enable actual financial operation of the business to be measured against the forecast. So for this communication plan we have allocated a budget according to the category and nature of the communication. The budget allocation shows that more amount of money will be spend on advertising in TV/ Radio, Newspaper, Outdoor add. It is clearly sheen form the table that more amount of money will be spend on external communication than in internal communication with the help of which the company will communicate with its costumer more time to lunch its product and gives information a nd different offer to its costumer. 4. Target Market

Global marketing strategy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words - 1

Global marketing strategy - Essay Example Argos was found by Richard Tompkins in the year 1973. The company was formed by rebranding an existing company known as Green Shield Stamps in the United Kingdom. The first store of Argos was opened up in Canterbury, United Kingdom. Argos presently has more than 737 brick and mortar stores and has an average of 340 million website clicks in a year. The company is one of the largest retail companies operating in the high street retails segment of the United Kingdom and Ireland. The retail company is a part of the Home Retail Group and runs alongside two sister companies, Habitat and Homebase. Argos owns a number of brands including the famous consumer electronics brands Bush and Alba, the currently dysfunctional jewellery and watches brand, Elizabeth Duke, Chad Valley along with, many other varied brands. It was estimated in the year 2012 that 96% of the total population of the United Kingdom resided within the 10 miles radius of a branch of Argos located in the country. Before 2004, the stocks of Argos were independent constituents of the FTSE 100 index. Currently, the stock of Argos is the constituents of the FTSE 250 Index as a part of its parent company Home Retail group. Also, the stocks of Argos are listed in the London Stock Exchange since 1990. The company Argos has operation in UK and Ireland. The company has 737 stores. If the company wants to expand its business then Argos has to make plans and forms strategies according to the marketing environment of the countries. In Japan the market environment of the retail industry is positive. The government of this county have made many new policies which influence the customers for spending more money in different types of goods and services. Japan’s retail market is presently targeting the ageing population. It offers different types of products and services to them for making them feel comfortable in the retail marketing environment

New York Computer Forensics Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

New York Computer Forensics - Essay Example New York Computer Forensics Company has skilled and expert computer forensic staff and experts. These people effectively utilize the proven methods and sophisticated software, and tools which can be used to analyze and retrieve the entire data on a crime scene system to as absolute level as probable. In this scenario, this kind of material can include deleted files and e-mail and logs and other details that can be related to the problems and issues being examined. In addition, experience in a variety of investigation scenarios over the years has permitted and skilled New York Computer Forensic Services to build up procedures and started measures that make results matchless in the Computer Forensics field (Global Digital Forensics, 2012).Services offeredThe reality is that almost all information and data formed in this day as well as age is in the form of electronic design. Additionally, New York Computer Forensic Services support a wide variety of businesses in all aspects of compute r forensic authentication achievement, protection, and arrangement by minimizing expenditures and making sure that proof does not become tainted. In addition, New York Computer Forensic Services Company specializes in a number of forensic services, which are: (Global Digital Forensics, 2012)Â   Guidance Software Professional Services Company offers their clients most effective and direct access to technical capability with a personalized practice that enhance their return on business investment.... ly, New York Computer Forensic Services support a wide variety of businesses in all aspects of computer forensic authentication achievement, protection, and arrangement by minimizing expenditures and making sure that proof does not become tainted. In addition, New York Computer Forensic Services Company specializes in a number of forensic services, which are: (Global Digital Forensics, 2012) E-mail Forensics Computer Forensics Network Forensics Data Acquisition Full Computer Forensic Investigations Evidence Processing Database Forensics Backup Tape Analysis Correlation and Link Analysis Forensic Analysis Expert Testimony Guidance Software Professional Services Guidance Software Professional Services Company offers their clients most effective and direct access to technical capability with a personalized practice that enhance their return on business investment as well as speeds-up their time to value. In addition, using the Professional Services from Guidance, business employees atta in a trusted consultant to meet their objectives in all regions of digital analysis of any walk of life. Additionally, the Guidance Software Advisory Program (GAP) is aimed at ensuring successful acceptance and implementation of the EnCase application suite of the software system into a company’s business operations and processes. Moreover, the tactic of Guidance Software Professional Services for investigation is based on examine, plan, and frequent assessment of procedures enhancement and risk (Guidance Software, 2012). Services Offered There are many services and support areas offered by Guidance Software Professional Services Company. Given below are some of them: (Guidance Software, 2012) Casework Services Implementation Services Cyber Security Assessment Services Data Mapping

Female Vietnam Veterans Heal From the Oppressions of War A Spiritual Essay

Female Vietnam Veterans Heal From the Oppressions of War A Spiritual View of Forgiveness From the Inside Out - Essay Example Psychological disorders have impaired the once healthy mental and emotional well being of veterans. The guerrilla style of warfare executed during this war intensified the horror of deployed military personnel. Being the longest war that the United States has experienced, the Vietnam War has tremendously impaired the psyche of the Americans. The atrocities of the Vietnam War were enormous especially for American female military personnel engaged in this war. Aside from the shocks and trauma from war encounters, some of them were also victims of sexual discrimination and sexual abuse. According to Hilder (2004), nearly 30% of women US veterans from Vietnam War experienced sexual encounters â€Å"accompanied by force of by threat of force.† These made the Vietnam War a repugnant event that made those who committed these vicious crimes unforgivable to them. The atrocities that they experienced in the war were in themselves, traumatic. However being discriminated and abused by their fellow military personnel intensify these emotional scars to a point that these have been transformed into hatred. Time can allay and completely heal the fear that one has, the traumas was brought up by the cruelty of their enemies; yet deep-seated animosity and hatred due to these sexually related misdeeds that they received from some men cannot be healed without forgiveness. Forgiving others eases up pent-up anger and hatred. It is actually a "response to an injustice or a moral wrong (What is Forgiveness)." In war injuries comes from a wide array of causes that eventually result into a diversity of effects. It can lead to serious damage such as grave and even lasting psychological, emotional, and spiritual defects. But what is even more shocking and unbearable is the betrayal of your trust to your comrades especially so when females have been sexually harassed by their peers. The research of Fontana and Rosenheck (1998) on female Vietnam War veterans, who had experienced sexual stress, concluded that sexual discriminations and abuses are toxic for the development of post-traumatic stress disorder. Here is where the healing power of forgiveness should take place. Unlike the psychological and emotional harm inflicted on them during the war which they voluntarily submit themselves into; what exacerbates the malady of the female Vietnam War veterans is the fact that they suffered a harsher and more contemptible experience from their male comrades who discriminated them. Psychological, emotional and spiritual injuries that they received from the Viet Cong can be healed by psychotherapeutic means. But without forgiving the sexual misdemeanors of their male company, the toxic effects of hatred will continue to retard their healing process. Forgiveness, especially when done methodically and scientifically will unclog the animosity inside her and free her from the harsh effects of hatred. Drs. Robert Enright and Gayle Reed conceived the Process Model of Forgiving. This healing method aims to use the power of forgiveness in psychotherapy. It has four phases: Uncovering, Decision, Work and Outcome/Deepening Phase. Uncovering Phase - In this first phase, a person, in the case of Vietnam War veterans, the female military personnel, has become acquainted with the emotional pain that she receives from the immoral and unjust injury. Her resentment towards the abusers is to be felt to the fullest. Decision Phase - This honest recollection and uncovering of her emotional pain can already heal some of the symptoms of her psychological and emotional distress. But she should make a decision on whether she should take steps on what to do about her hatred to the ones offended

Analysis and critique Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Analysis and critique - Essay Example The side effects, resistance to insecticides in vectors and cost-effectiveness of DDT were discussed (2009). He concludes that though there is limited implementation of DDT alternatives, however, more research needs to be done, as IVM will diminish dependence on DDT (2009, p. 1661). Van den Berg states that, when compared with other insecticides, DDT was once a cost effective method of vector control, however, that does not hold true any longer; even as early as 1998, the cost of DDT and other insecticides became almost equal, with DDT costs ranging from US$1.50-3.00 and other insecticides costing less than US$2.20 (2009, p. 1657-1658). Moreover, recent studies show that the risk of human exposure is great in those living in sprayed houses (2009, p. 1658), however, there is a dearth of such studies, e.g. no peer-reviewed data is available from India which is the biggest user of DDT (2009, p. 1658). Van den Berg points out that though the WHO is reassessing the health risks of DDT, however, progress in this regard is slow (2009, p. 1658). DDT is known to be a persistent molecule and, as such, it takes a long while for it to degrade. It does not run-off either, as it binds itself with the organic matter present in soils and aquatic sediment (van den Berg, 2009, p . 1658). The DDT molecules have been shown to cause a lot of harm in the environment; therefore, there is a need for other alternatives to be explored. Another disadvantage of continuing to use DDT is the insecticide resistance that has been reported in certain species of the vectors. Van den Berg states that though the resistance was developed as a consequence of the excessive use of DDT in the agricultural sector, however, it is further exacerbated by the use of synthetic pyrethroids (2009, p. 1658). Van den Berg has also given a list of certain alternatives to

The Spectrochemical Series Lab Report Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

The Spectrochemical Series - Lab Report Example Also ammonium chloride (NH4Cl), 16.00 g was dissolved in concentrated aqueous ammonia (NH4OH), 16 m ,there was formation of white suspension as a result of this. The dissolving process was done in separate beakers. The 2 solutions were then mixed in a casserole. These led to the formation of an orange solution. Following this, there was small increment addition of 4 ml of 30% hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) into this solution; this resulted to the formation of black solution with fizzing of oxygen gas. Lastly, the solution changed to maroon. The solution was heated on a steam bath until thick slurry was obtained; it was then put in an ice bath to cool. The rinsing of the solution was carried using 3 M hydrochloric acid (65 ml) in a 200 ml beaker and heated 10 minutes at 60?C. The solution was placed on an ice bath to cool and it was later filtered under a vacuum and the resulting precipitate was washed with acetone and cold water (iced). As a result of this there was formation of a pink pre cipitate. Week 2: There was addition of 2 M aqueous ammonia (NH4OH) (200 ml) in a beaker with the solid then heated to 50-60?C. this resulted to the formation of a cherry red solution. Then later, there was addition of concentrated hydrochloric acid (65 ml) to the solution. This resulted to the formation of white fumes. This solution was then heated for 10 min. ... Then later the precipitate was put at 110 ?C in an oven for 1 hour. Lastly, the solid mass was obtained using an electronic balance. Results and Discussion: Complex Formula of complex Color of solution Absorbance peak (nm) Splitting energy (J) A [Co(NH3)5Cl]2+ Pink 530.76 374519E-19 B [Co(NH3)6]3+ Orange 474.86 4.18228E-19 C [Co(NH3)5F]2+ (Not Given) 500-515 3.9756E-19 - 3.85981E-19 D [Co(NH3)5Br]2+ Purple 548.24 3.62578E-19 E [Co(NH3)5H2O]3+ Light red/orange 497.04 3.9994E-19 Table 1: Shows formulae of the complex, Solution Color, peak absorbance, and the splitting energy Of the 5 cobalt complexes employed in the experiment. Calculations (sample B): ?E = hc/? ? E = (6.626x10-34Js)(3x108m/s)/(474.86x10-9m) ? E = 4.18228E-19J Overall Reaction: 2CoCl2.6H2O +10NH4OH +2NH4Cl +H2O2 +3Cl- Â  ? 2[Co(NH3)5Cl]Cl2 + 24H2O + NH3Â   Re-crystallized solid Mass = solid mass + vial mass) – vial mass =15.76 – 13.25 = 2.51 g Reactions: CoCl2Â ·6H2O ? [Co(H2O)6]2+ + 2 Cl- [Co(H2O)6]2+ (aq) + 2NH3(aq) ? [Co(OH)2(H2O)4](s) + 2NH4+(aq) [Co(OH)2(H2O)4](s) + 5NH3(aq)? [Co(NH3)5]2+(aq) + 4H2O(l) + 2OH?(aq) [Co(NH3)5]2+(aq)+ ? H2O2? [Co(NH3)5]3+ + OH- (aq) [Co(NH3)5]3+ + 3Cl- ?[Co(NH3)5Cl]2+ + 2Cl- ?[Co(NH3)5Cl]Cl2 Mol of CoCl2.6H2O = mass/molar mass = 5.00/238 = 0.021008 mol CoCl2.6H2O : [Co(NH3)5Cl]Cl2 = 2 : 2 = 1 : 1 Mol of [Co(NH3)5Cl]Cl2 = 0.021008 mol Mass of [Co(NH3)5Cl]Cl2 = 0.021008 X 250.5 = 5.26 g % yield = (actual yield / theoretical yield) X 100 = (2.51 / 5.26) X 100 = 47.71 % This experiment was able to determine the identity of each of these five cobalt complexes. Basing on the table information provided, the Cobalt complexes can be determined easily by arranging them according to wavelength from smallest to the largest: D < A < C < E < B This arrangement corresponds

Female Vietnam Veterans Heal From the Oppressions of War A Spiritual Essay

Female Vietnam Veterans Heal From the Oppressions of War A Spiritual View of Forgiveness From the Inside Out - Essay Example Psychological disorders have impaired the once healthy mental and emotional well being of veterans. The guerrilla style of warfare executed during this war intensified the horror of deployed military personnel. Being the longest war that the United States has experienced, the Vietnam War has tremendously impaired the psyche of the Americans. The atrocities of the Vietnam War were enormous especially for American female military personnel engaged in this war. Aside from the shocks and trauma from war encounters, some of them were also victims of sexual discrimination and sexual abuse. According to Hilder (2004), nearly 30% of women US veterans from Vietnam War experienced sexual encounters â€Å"accompanied by force of by threat of force.† These made the Vietnam War a repugnant event that made those who committed these vicious crimes unforgivable to them. The atrocities that they experienced in the war were in themselves, traumatic. However being discriminated and abused by their fellow military personnel intensify these emotional scars to a point that these have been transformed into hatred. Time can allay and completely heal the fear that one has, the traumas was brought up by the cruelty of their enemies; yet deep-seated animosity and hatred due to these sexually related misdeeds that they received from some men cannot be healed without forgiveness. Forgiving others eases up pent-up anger and hatred. It is actually a "response to an injustice or a moral wrong (What is Forgiveness)." In war injuries comes from a wide array of causes that eventually result into a diversity of effects. It can lead to serious damage such as grave and even lasting psychological, emotional, and spiritual defects. But what is even more shocking and unbearable is the betrayal of your trust to your comrades especially so when females have been sexually harassed by their peers. The research of Fontana and Rosenheck (1998) on female Vietnam War veterans, who had experienced sexual stress, concluded that sexual discriminations and abuses are toxic for the development of post-traumatic stress disorder. Here is where the healing power of forgiveness should take place. Unlike the psychological and emotional harm inflicted on them during the war which they voluntarily submit themselves into; what exacerbates the malady of the female Vietnam War veterans is the fact that they suffered a harsher and more contemptible experience from their male comrades who discriminated them. Psychological, emotional and spiritual injuries that they received from the Viet Cong can be healed by psychotherapeutic means. But without forgiving the sexual misdemeanors of their male company, the toxic effects of hatred will continue to retard their healing process. Forgiveness, especially when done methodically and scientifically will unclog the animosity inside her and free her from the harsh effects of hatred. Drs. Robert Enright and Gayle Reed conceived the Process Model of Forgiving. This healing method aims to use the power of forgiveness in psychotherapy. It has four phases: Uncovering, Decision, Work and Outcome/Deepening Phase. Uncovering Phase - In this first phase, a person, in the case of Vietnam War veterans, the female military personnel, has become acquainted with the emotional pain that she receives from the immoral and unjust injury. Her resentment towards the abusers is to be felt to the fullest. Decision Phase - This honest recollection and uncovering of her emotional pain can already heal some of the symptoms of her psychological and emotional distress. But she should make a decision on whether she should take steps on what to do about her hatred to the ones offended